Publications
De Leon, G. (2000). The therapeutic community: Theory, model, and method. New York City: Springer Publishing Company.
This newly published volume provides a single
theoretical framework for therapeutic communities for addictions and
related problems. Its uniform approach to the subject makes this volume
accessible to mainstream public health, science, and education fields.
A comprehensive formulation of the TC, this volume is the product of
clinical and research experience within the long-term residential TC,
commonly viewed as the "traditional" model.
With its documented effectiveness, the traditional model of the TC serves
as the prototype for the current diversity of TCs.
Contact the publisher
for further information: www.springerpub.com.
De Leon, G., & Melnick, G. (1993©) Therapeutic Community Scale of Essential Elements Questionnaire (SEEQ). New York City: Community Studies Institute, 2 World Trade Center, 16th Floor 10048.
The SEEQ assesses the extent to which a program has the generic characteristics of a therapeutic community (TC). The SEEQ measures the TC perspective, treatment approach and structure, community as therapeutic agent, education and work activities, formal therapeutic elements, and process.
Melnick, G., & De Leon, G. (1998). The Client Matching Protocol (CMP). (Developed with funding from NIDA Grant #3 R01 DA08750, Rockville, MD). New York City: Center for Therapeutic Community Research at NDRI, Inc., 2 World Trade Center, 16th Floor 10048.
The CMP objectively assesses the appropriateness of the match between client and three TC-oriented treatment settings: short-term residence, long-term residence, and ambulatory outpatient. The CMP criteria are based on patterns of drug use, previous long abstinence, criminal activity, and habilitation.
Jainchill, N., Messina, M., & Yagelka, J. (1997). Treatment Environmental Risk Index (TERI). (Developed with funding from NIDA Grant #R01 DA09896, Rockville, MD). New York City: Center for Therapeutic Community Research at NDRI, Inc., 2 World Trade Center, 16th Floor 10048.
The TERI is a 100-item checklist that measures three different dimensions of the TC treatment environment. The physical dimension measures the physical aspects of the setting; the milieu dimension is concerned with the program's relationships with criminal justice, family, and the external community; and the program dimension assesses more specific aspects of the program, e.g., strictness of the rules and regulations.
Sacks, S. (1995). Program Monitoring Form (PMF). (Developed with funding from Grant #1 UD3 SMTI51558-02, Center for Mental Health Services [CMHS]/Center for Substance Abuse Treatment [CSAT], Rockville, MD). New York City: Center for Therapeutic Community Research (CTCR) at NDRI, Inc., 2 World Trade Center, 16 th Floor 10048.
The PMF is a self-report instrument with demonstrated utility in measuring program fidelity. The client is asked to report whether or not each intervention occurred and, if so, whether or not the activity contained each of its defining components. The PMF assesses the fidelity between the intervention as designed, as outlined in the program description, and as delivered.
De Leon, G. (1992). CTCR Baseline Interview Protocol. New York City: Center for Therapeutic Community Research (CTCR) at NDRI, Inc., 2 World Trade Center, 16th Floor 10048.
The CTCR Baseline Interview Protocol is an instrument that provides a comprehensive description of new clients for reporting and comparison purposes. It measures demographic characteristics, psychosocial history, drug use, and medical, criminal, and legal history.
De Leon, G. (1993©). Circumstances, Motivation, and Readiness (CMR) Scales for Substance Abuse Treatment. New York City: Center for Therapeutic Community Research at NDRI, Inc., 2 World Trade Center, 16th Floor 10048.
The CMR Intake Version is a client self-report instrument that measures circumstances 1 (external pressure to enter treatment), circumstances 2 (external pressure to leave treatment), motivation (to change), and readiness (for treatment).
Melnick, G., & De Leon, G. (1996©). Perception of Treatment Suitability Scales (PTSS). (Developed with funding from NIDA Grant #R43 DA08972, Rockville, MD). New York City: Center for Therapeutic Community Research at NDRI, Inc., 2 World Trade Center, 16th Floor 10048.
The PTSS measures client subjective preference for treatment, including detoxification, drug-free outpatient treatment, methadone maintenance outpatient treatment, short-term residential treatment, and long-term residential treatment.
Jainchill, N., & De Leon, G. (1987). The TC Client Progress Scales (TCCPS). (Developed with funding from NIDA Grant #R01 DA 03617, Rockville, MD). New York City: Center for Therapeutic Community Research at NDRI, Inc., 2 World Trade Center, 16th Floor 10048.
The TCCPS instrument provides client and staff ratings of client participation in program activities. The TCCPS measures progress as a role model; attitude, motivation, and participation; performance on job functions; participation in therapeutic groups, and relations with others.
Kressel, D., & De Leon, G. (1998©). The Client Assessment Inventory (CAI); The Client Assessment Summary (CAS); The Staff Assessment Summary (SAS). (Developed with funding from NIDA Grant #5K21 DA00239, Rockville, MD). New York City: Center for Therapeutic Community Research at NDRI, Inc., 2 World Trade Center, 16th Floor 10048.
The CAI, CAS, and SAS instruments assess client progress along 14 clinically relevant domains under 4 broad dimensions: the developmental dimension, socialization dimension, psychological dimension, and community membership dimension.