The extent to which addiction treatment programs can foster post-treatment self-help participation is becoming more critical to client outcomes as duration and intensity of services decline. Clinicians play an important role in involving clients with self-help (e.g., 12-step fellowships) but little is known about how referral decisions are made or about the referral process itself. This article reviews clinicians’ attitudes toward self-help and their role in referring clients to self-help, and identifies research questions that need to be addressed to elucidate the referral process from both clinicians and clients perspectives. More research is needed in this area to enhance the number and outcome of referrals to self-help groups.